【开发】Unity的类MVC架构总结

public enum ManagerStatus
{
    Shutdown,
    Initializing,
    Started
}

public interface IGameManager
{
    ManagerStatus status { get; }

    void Startup();
}

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

[RequireComponent(typeof(DataManager))]		// 注1
[RequireComponent(typeof(InventoryManager))]
[RequireComponent(typeof(PlayerManager))]

public class Managers : MonoBehaviour
{
    // Managers Instance
    public static Managers instance { get; private set; }	// 注2

    // Manager List
    public static DataManager Data;
    public static InventoryManager Inventory;
    public static PlayerManager Player;
    

    // Manager Load Sequeue
    private List<IGameManager> _startSequeue;	// 注3

    private void Awake()
    {
        // Check if there isn't an instance
        if (instance == null)
        {
            instance = this;
        }
        // Check if there is an instance
        else if (instance != this)
        {
            Destroy(gameObject);
            return;
        }
        // Set this Managers instance Don't Destroy on Load
        DontDestroyOnLoad(gameObject);

        // Get Managers Instances
        Data = GetComponent<DataManager>();
        Inventory = GetComponent<InventoryManager>();
        Player = GetComponent<PlayerManager>();

        // Add Managers to Load Sequeue
        _startSequeue = new List<IGameManager>
        {
            Player,
            Inventory,
            Data
        };
        // Start Load Managers
        StartCoroutine(StartupManagers());
    }

    private IEnumerator StartupManagers()
    {
        // Call Startup() of Every Manager
        foreach (var manager in _startSequeue)
        {
            manager.Startup();
        }
        // Wait for Next Frame
        yield return null;

        // Check the number of Managers
        int numModules = _startSequeue.Count, numReady = 0;
        // While not Loaded
        while (numReady < numModules)
        {
            int lastReady = numReady;
            numReady = 0;
            // Get the Status of Managers
            foreach (var manager in _startSequeue)
            {
                if (manager.status == ManagerStatus.Started)
                {
                    numReady++;
                }
            }

            // If undone
            if (numReady > lastReady)
            {
                Debug.Log("Progress: " + numReady + "/" + numModules);
                // Wait for Next Frame
                yield return null;
            }
        }
        // Complete
        Debug.Log("All managers started up");
    }
}

using UnityEngine;

public class PlayerManager : MonoBehaviour, IGameManager
{
    public ManagerStatus status { get; private set; }

    public float health;
    public float maxHealth;

    public void Startup()
    {
        Debug.Log("Player manager starting...");

        health = 50f;
        maxHealth = 100f;

        status = ManagerStatus.Started;
    }

    public void ChangeHealth(float delta)
    {
        health += delta;
        if (health > maxHealth)
        {
            health = maxHealth;
        }
        else if (health < 0)
        {
            health = 0f;
        }

        Debug.Log("Player HP: " + health + "/" + maxHealth);
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class InventoryManager : MonoBehaviour, IGameManager
{
    public ManagerStatus status { get; private set; }

    private Dictionary<string, int> _items;

    public void Startup()
    {
        Debug.Log("Inventory manager starting...");

        _items = new Dictionary<string, int>();

        status = ManagerStatus.Started;
    }

    public void UpdateData(Dictionary<string, int> newItems)
    {
        _items = newItems;
    }

    public Dictionary<string, int> GetData()
    {
        return _items;
    }
}

using System.IO;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using UnityEngine;

public class DataManager : MonoBehaviour, IGameManager
{
    public static string SaveName = "save.dat";

    public ManagerStatus status { get; private set; }

    private string _savepath;

    public void Startup()
    {
        Debug.Log("Data manager starting...");

        _savepath = Path.Combine(Application.persistentDataPath, SaveName);
        Debug.Log("Set the " + SaveName + " in " + _savepath);

        status = ManagerStatus.Started;
    }

    [ContextMenu("Save")]
    public void Save()
    {
        // Dic of objects which should be saved
        Dictionary<string, object> gamestate = new Dictionary<string, object>
        {
            { "inventory", Managers.Inventory.GetData() },
            { "health", Managers.Player.health },
            { "maxHealth", Managers.Player.maxHealth }
        };

        // Format the serializable object to stream
        FileStream stream = File.Create(_savepath);
        BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
        formatter.Serialize(stream, gamestate);
        stream.Close();
    }
    
    [ContextMenu("Load")]
    public void Load()
    {
        try
        {
            if (!File.Exists(_savepath))
            {
                Debug.Log("No save file");
                throw new FileNotFoundException();
            }
        }
        catch (FileNotFoundException)
        {
            EventManager.SaveNotFoundEvent.Invoke();
            return;
        }

        Dictionary<string, object> gamestate;

        BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
        FileStream stream = File.Open(_savepath, FileMode.Open);

        // Deserialize the stream to object
        gamestate = formatter.Deserialize(stream) as Dictionary<string, object>;
        stream.Close();

        Managers.Inventory.UpdateData(gamestate["inventory"] as Dictionary<string, int>);
        //...
    }
}